The State Takes On Vocational Education

The state journal of vocational education shall take measures to develop vocational education in rural areas and support the development of vocational education in areas inhabited by minority nationalities as well as in poor and remote areas. The state shall take measures to help women receive vocational education, organize jobless persons to receive various sorts of vocational education and support the development of vocational education for the disabled.

Vocational education should be conducted in light of actual needs and be compatible with the state-established vocational categories and vocational grades, whereas the system of academic credentials, training certificates and professional qualification certificates shall be instituted. The state practices a system under which labourers must receive vocational education before reporting to work or go to their posts. The state encourages and organizes the scientific research on vocational education. The state shall reward units and individuals with outstanding achievements in vocational education.

The administrative department in charge of education under the State Council shall take charge of the unified planning, overall coordination and macro-management on the work of vocational education. The administrative departments in charge of education, labour and other relevant departments under the State Council shall respectively take charge of the work concerning vocational education within the scope of their duties as stipulated by the State Council. Local people's governments at and above county level shall strengthen leadership, overall coordination, supervision, and assessment of the work of vocational education in their respective administrative areas.

In the light of the degrees of economic development and the universality of education in different areas, the state shall conduct separate education at different stages, with the focus on the one after junior middle school, and establish and perfect a system of vocational education that combines vocational education with training, and that links up and develops with other kinds of education in a coordinated way. Education in vocational schools includes elementary, secondary and higher vocational education. The elementary and secondary vocational education is respectively conducted by elementary and secondary vocational schools, whereas the higher vocational education is conducted by higher vocational schools depending on the needs and conditions, or by ordinary colleges and universities. In the light of the unified planning by the administrative department in charge of education, other schools may also give vocational education at their own levels.

Vocational training includes training before employment, training for job transfer, apprenticeship, on-the-job training, training for post transfer and other vocational training. Vocational training can be divided into basic, intermediate and advanced levels in light of the actual situation. Vocational training is conducted by corresponding vocational training organs and vocational schools, respectively. Other schools or educational organs may, depending on their capabilities, offer various forms of vocational training to meet social needs.

Except for educational organs for the disabled, which offer vocational education to the disabled, vocational schools, and vocational training organs of various kinds at various levels and other educational organs should accept handicapped students according to relevant state stipulations. Ordinary middle schools may open courses of vocational education suitable to local conditions, or increase the content of courses in vocational education in light of actual needs.